english learner

Indirect speech

Indirect speech or reported speech reports something that was said, but does not use the actual words that the speaker uttered. Lynn asked whether Pippa had been to the new shopping mall. Pippa replied that she hadn’t, but she had heard that there were some really cool shops there. Reported speech always has two clauses. The words… Read More

Apostrophes

Misusing or omitting the apostrophe is one of the most common punctuation errors. Showing possession The apostrophe ( ’ ) is used to show that something belongs to someone: -’s is added to the end of singular words. a baby’s pushchair Hannah’s book -’s is added to the end of plural words not ending… Read More

Countable and uncountable nouns

Countable nouns are the words for things that we can count. They have singular and plural forms. They can have a or an in front of them. If they are singular, they must have a word like a, an, the or his in front of them. She ate an… Read More

Months of the year

To say which month of the year something happens or happened in, use in … My birthday is in August. We’ll probably go away on holiday in May. I visited some friends in Rome in September. To make it clear which January or February, etc. you are talking about,… Read More

Days of the week

To say what day of the week it is, use It’s … ‘What day is it today?’ ‘It’s Thursday.’ It’s Wednesday today, isn’t it? When saying which day something happens or will happen, use on … I’m going to Dublin on Sunday. It’s my birthday on Tuesday. I don’t… Read More

Going shopping

When you go shopping, the simplest way to ask for something is to use I’d like … or Could I have … ? I’d like two kilos of potatoes, please. Could I have a carrier bag, please? You can also say what you are looking for by using I’m looking… Read More

Making sure you’ve understood

If you do not understand what someone has said, use I don’t understand. Sorry, I don’t understand. I didn’t understand what you said. Please could you repeat that? I didn’t understand. You can also express any uncertainty about what someone has said by using I’m not sure … Sorry, I’m… Read More

Describing people and things

To give a general descriptions of something, use It’s … It’s gold with three diamonds. It’s a ladies’ watch. It’s a green suitcase with wheels. Use It’s made of … to say what material or substance something is. It’s made of leather. It’s quite a small bag, and it’s made… Read More

Warnings!

To tell someone that they are in danger, shout Look out! Look out! There’s a car coming! Look out! It’s falling! To suggest that someone pays attention to something, use Watch out… Watch out, they’re behind you! Road signs urging motorists to watch out for hedgehogs are set to be unveiled. To… Read More